Carcharhiniformes

>> Classification > Ordre des Carcharhiniformes > La famille des Carcharhinidés

Il s'agit du groupe de requins dominants.  Ils abondent sous les tropiques et sont très communs dans les eaux tempérées des plateaux continentaux. Certaines espèces constituent la majorité des requins du large. Le requin de fond type possède un museau allongé, une fente buccale qui s’étend jusqu’en arrière des yeux, une nageoire anale et deux nageoires dorsales sans épines. Les yeux disposent d’une paupière nictitante inférieure mobile, actionnée par des muscles particuliers. Les formes dentaires sont variables : petites, aplaties ou cuspidées, plus ou moins élancées ou en lame. Les requins de fond n’ont pas de dents postérieures broyeuses.

Leurs particularités morphologiques

 

	1 nageoire anale ;
	5 fentes branchiales ;
	2 nageoires dorsales (sans épine) ;
	1 gueule en avant des yeux ;
	1 membrane nictitante inférieure sur l'œil ;
	1 valvule intestinale en spirale ;
	Principalement vivipares ;
	Vivant dans tous les océans du globe.

 

 

La famille des Carcharhinidés

 

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	Nom scientifique	Découvert par	Nom vernaculaire	Dangerosité	Statut UICN
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	Carcharhinus acronotus	Poey, 1860	Requin à nez noir
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	Carcharhinus albimarginatus	Rüppell, 1837	Requin à pointes blanches
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	Carcharhinus altimus	Springer, 1950	Requin babosse		DD
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	Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides	Whitley, 1934	Requin gracile
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	Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos	Bleeker, 1856	Requin dagsit
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	Carcharhinus amboinensis	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin balestrine		DD
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	Carcharhinus borneensis	Bleeker, 1858	Requin de Bornéo
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	Carcharhinus brachyurus	Günther, 1870	Requin cuivre
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	Carcharhinus brevipinna	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin tisserand
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	Carcharhinus cautus	Whitley, 1945	Requin nerveux		DD
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	Carcharhinus dussumieri	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin à joues blanches
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	Carcharhinus falciformis	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin soyeux
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	Carcharhinus fitzroyensis	Whitley, 1943	Requin baleinier
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	Carcharhinus galapagensis	Snodgrass & Heller, 1905	Requin des Galápagos
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	Carcharhinus hemiodon	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin balinais
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	Carcharhinus isodon	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin à petites dents
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	Carcharhinus leiodon	Garrick, 1985
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	Carcharhinus leucas	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin bouledogue
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	Carcharhinus limbatus	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin bordé
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	Carcharhinus longimanus	Poey, 1861	Requin longimane
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	Carcharhinus macloti	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin à nez rude
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	Carcharhinus macrops	Liu, 1983			NE
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	Carcharhinus melanopterus	Quoy & Gaimard, 1824	Requin à pointes noires
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	Carcharhinus obscurus	Lesueur, 1818	Requin sombre
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	Carcharhinus perezii	Poey, 1876	Requin de récif des Caraïbes
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	Carcharhinus plumbeus	Nardo, 1827	Requin gris
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	Carcharhinus porosus	Ranzani, 1839	Requin tiqueue		DD
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	Carcharhinus sealei	Pietschmann, 1913	Requin à tache noire
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	Carcharhinus signatus	Poey, 1868	Requin de nuit
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	Carcharhinus sorrah	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin à queue tachetée
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	Carcharhinus tilstoni	Whitley, 1950
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	Carcharhinus wheeleri	Garrick, 1982	Requin à queue noire
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	Galeocerdo cuvier	Péron, 1822	Requin tigre
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	Glyphis bizantii	Steindachner, 1896			NE
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	Glyphis fowlerae	Compagno & Cavanagh, 2010			NE
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	Glyphis gangeticus	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin du Gange
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	Glyphis garricki	Compagno & Last, 2008
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	Glyphis glyphis	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin lancette
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	Glyphis siamensis	Steindachner, 1896
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	Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus	Müller & Henle, 1838	Requin bécune
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	Lamiopsis temminckii	Müller & Henle, 1838	Requin à grandes ailes
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	Lamiopsis tephrodes	Fowler, 1905			NE
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	Loxodon macrorhinus	Müller & Henle, 1838	Requin sagrin
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	Nasolamia velox	Gilbert, 1898	Requin à nez blanc		DD
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	Negaprion acutidens	Rüppell, 1837	Requin-limon faucille
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	Negaprion brevirostris	Poey, 1868	Requin citron
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	Prionace glauca	Linné,1758	Requin bleu
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	Rhizoprionodon acutus	Rüppell, 1837	Requin à museau pointu
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	Rhizoprionodon lalandii	Müller & Henle, 1839	Requin aiguille du Brésil		DD
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	Rhizoprionodon longurio	Jordan & Gilbert, 1882	Requin bironche		DD
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	Rhizoprionodon oligolinx	Springer, 1964	Requin aiguille gris
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	Rhizoprionodon porosus	Poey, 1861	Requin aiguille des Antilles
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	Rhizoprionodon taylori	Ogilby, 1915	Requin aiguille d'Australie
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	Rhizoprionodon terraenovae	Richardson, 1836	Requin aiguille de l'Atlantique
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	Scoliodon laticaudus	Müller & Henle, 1837	Requin épée
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	Triaenodon obesus	Rüppell, 1837	Requin corail
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La dangerosité

 

Le danger que représente chaque espèce de requins par rapport à l'Homme a été établi sur base des attaques recensées à travers le monde.

= aucun danger pour l'Homme.

= extrêmement dangereux pour l'Homme.

 

Les statuts de conservation UICN